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初一英语句子结构
时间:2017-05-03 06:06:17 来源:建材加盟网

篇一:1初一英语上句子结构

初一英语句子结构

教学目标

1知识目标:学生能掌握句子的主要成分、次要成分

2能力目标:通过本课学习,学生能够清楚地划分出句子的各个成分,理解句子结构 3情感目标:培养学生对英语的兴趣,提高学生学习英语的自信心

4学习策略:学生学会举一反三、对所学知识能够及时复习加以巩固;学生多开口读,培养语感

重点:谓语、状语、定语中的前置定语及后置定语

难点:宾语补足语、系表结构、状语

Step1

导入

句子:最小的交际单位,能够独立地表达人的思想。

(与学生谈论句子的定义,导入句子成分。)

Step2课堂呈现与练习

教师讲解

句子成分:主语、谓语、宾语、系动词、表语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语等。 主要成分:主、谓、宾、

1. 什么人”、“什么事物”

2、句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。

3、位置:一般位于句首

Eg: My mother is a teacher.

She likes apples.

I play sports every day.

谓语: 描述主语的动作和状态

Eg:I drink tea every morning.

I like English.

She likes red.

宾语:1.动作的对象和承受者

2.及物动词必须接宾语

3.宾语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句构成

主谓结构 S+v

Eg:She smiled.

She sings very very.

主谓宾S+o+v

Eg: I like English.

I do my homework at home.

There be 句型

表示存在,即“某地有某物”遵循就近原则。

Eg:There is a book and two pens in my schoolbag.

There are two pens and one book in my schoolbag.

There are three chairs in my room.

Homework

1. Make your own sentences using what you have learned.

2.Show yous work with partners

板书设计

The structure of sentence

S+v

S+V+O

There be ....

篇二:简单的英语句子结构五种句型初一

英语句子成分及结构

句子成分

主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语

句子结构

(S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语)

一.S十V主谓结构|(vi.) I swim. 主 谓

They listened carefully.

My homework has finished.

二.S十V十O主谓宾结构(vt.)

I saw a film yesterday.

主谓 宾

They found their home easily

They have taken good care of the children.

三.S十V十F主系表结构(系动词)

Is,look ________________________________________________________+形容词

He is old.

主系动表语

The storysoundsinteresting.

主 系动词 表语

The desk feels hard

He becomes a teacher.

The trees turn yellow in the autumn.

四.S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构

give,ask_________________________________________________________sb sth

He gaveme a book.

主 谓 宾1宾2

He brought me a pen

He offered me his seat

He got me a chair

五.S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构

They made the girlangry.

主 谓宾 宾补

They found her happy that day.

I saw him in.

I heard the glass broken just now

划分句子成分练习题(1) 1.They are working on the farm now.

2.Seeing is believing.

3.All of us like Kobe Bryant very much.

4.She became a doctor in 1998.

5.The book lying on the floor are mine.

6.Suddenly it begins to rain.

7.To catch the train ,I got up early yesterday.

8.I always find her happy.

9.He wonders if I still study English.

10.The letter which I received the day before yesterday was a friend of mine.

11.We always work hard at English. 12.He said he didn't come.

13.They love each other.

14.What did you buy?

15.She watched her daughter playing the piano.

16.Your job today is to help the old.

17.Speaking doesn't mean doing.

18.By the time I got to the station, the train had left.

19.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage.

20.It takes me an hour to get there.

篇三:【初中英语】句子结构梳理

知识梳理

知识点1:句子结构梳理

模块一:句子结构

【重点】

一、词性的概念:

英语中的单词根据词义、句法作用和形式特征所作的分类。共有十类:名词、动词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。

1、名词,"名"就是名称---人或事物的名称.具体的人或物体的名称:人名---Mike, Li Ming; 地名—America, China 动物名---pig, dog; 植物名---tree, wheat。抽象的事物的名称:idea(主意), victory(胜利), knowledge(知识).

2、代词,何谓“代” ?即是替代的意思,主要是来替代名词,所以说名词和代词关系是很近的,或者说代词的实质就是名词,正是这种血液关系,绝大多数时候代词跟名词在句中起的作用是一样的。代词,从英语词汇的整体来看数量并不多。

3、动词,"动"就是动作--人的五官动作: walk, jump, swim;人的大脑动作(心理活动): think, imagine。也有些动词是表示静止的,如:am, is, are。

4、形容词,我们在谈论人或物时,常说:“你描述一下是什么样子。”你就要用上:tall(高的),short矮的),black(黑的),white(白的)这些词往往是修饰名词,它们就是形容词。

5、副词,说人行走得快慢,讲话清楚,在英语里就要用quickly(快地),slowly(慢地),clearly(清楚地)这些词往往来修饰动词。它们就是副词。副词很多是从形容词加ly构成的,所以看单词词尾是否有ly是判断是否是副词的一种方法,但是词尾是ly的也不一定都是副词,可能是形容词,不过只有少量的单词(常见的有 likely,friendly lovely,lonely,weekly,monthly,yearly ), 这几个单词需要加强记忆,也不就是几个单词特殊嘛,不过考试往往就考特殊的,你要小心才是呀!

6、介词,英语用词里介词也属于难缠的一个。因为它涉及方面广,而且变化多端,往往令人捉摸不定,记起来很麻烦。别怕别怕,大部份介词都不难理解,比较令人头痛的只是下列几个at, by, to, in, for, of, on, from, with,其中又以 at, by, in, on 为四大“要犯"!学习介词就是要抓住这几"要犯",还要提醒你的是,介词同名词“关系”最好,是“铁” 哥们,所以往往你见到介词的地方你就会见到名词,而且还有一个词类往往和他们两个往往在一起,那就是冠词,他们三个形成一个“小集团”。

7、连词,如果我们想把单词与单词、短语与短语、句子与句子连接起来就要用连词。连词不能单独作句子成分,只能和其他词类一起作句子成分。常见的连词有:and, but, or, both .. and, neither..nor, not only ..but also, when, where, before, after, if 等等

8、冠词,英语中只有三个词:a\an (不定冠词)the (定冠词),简单来说,不定冠词表示泛指,定冠词表示特指,冠词与名词关系紧密,一般是放在名词之前。定冠词也不能单独做主语宾语等等什么啦,只能和其他词类结合作句子成分。

9、数词,顾名思义,跟数字有关的词就是数词,英语中的数词有两种,基数词和序数词。基数词,比如:one two, three, four, five, six, seven 等等 ,序数词,比如:first, second, third, fourth, fifth 等等。

10、 感叹词,主要是来表示 喜怒哀乐等感情的,比如:oh, ah, well 等等,这一词类在十大词类中并不重要,了解即可。

二、简单的五种基本句型:

1、S(主) + Vi(不及物动词)(谓语) ——→主动结构

例如:Time flies.

1)S + V + 副词(状语)

例如:Birds sing beautifully.

2)S + Vi + 介词短语(状语)

例如:He went on holiday.

3)S + Vi + 不定式(状语)

例如:We stopped to have a rest.

4)S + Vi + 分词(状语)

例如:I'll go swimming.

2、S (主)+ Vt (及物动词)(谓语)+ O(宾语)——→主动宾结构

例如:We like English.

1)S + Vt + 名词/代词

例如:I like music.

2)S + Vt + 不定式

例如:I want to help him.

[说明] 常用于这句型的动词有:decide, hope, learn, need, promise, want, 等。

3)S + Vt + 疑问词 + 不定式

例如:I don't know what to do.

[说明] 常用于这句型的动词有:ask, decide, find out, forget, know等。

4)S + Vt + 动名词

例如:I enjoy living here.

[说明] 常用于这句型的动词有: advise, enjoy, finish, mind, practise等。

5)S + Vt + 宾语从句

例如:I don't think (that) he is right.

[说明] 常用于这句型的动词有: hope, know, notice, think, wonder等。

【难点】

3、S (主)+ V(谓语)( 系动词)+ P(表语)——→主系表结构

例如:We are Chinese.

[说明] Ⅰ.除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词,①表感官的

动词,feel, smell, taste, sound, look, seem 等。②表转变变化的动词,

become, get, grow, turn, go,等。 ③表延续的动词 keep, seem等。④表

瞬时的动词 come, fall等。

Ⅱ.表语也就是主语的补足语。

1)S + V + 名词/代词

例如:He is a boy.

2)S + V + 形容词

例如:She is beautiful.

3)S + V + Adv 副词

例如:Class is over.

4)S + V + 介词短语

例如:He is in good health.

5)S + V+ 分词

例如:He is excited.

4、S (主)+ Vt(谓语)+ In O(间接宾语)+ D O(直接宾语)—→主动双宾结构

例如:I give you help.

1)S + Vt + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语

例如:I sent him a book.

2)S + Vt + 直接宾语+ To/for + 间接宾语

例如:He sent a book to me.

[说明] ①间接宾语前需要加to 的常用动词有: bring, give, lend, pass, pay,

read, sell, send, show, teach, tell, wish, write等。

②间接宾语前需要加for 的常用动词有: buy, get, make 等。

【难点】

5、S (主)+ Vt(谓语)+ O(宾语) + O C(宾语补足语)——→主动宾补结构

例如:I make you clear.

[强调]宾语和宾语补足语之间通常具有逻辑主谓关系。

1)S + Vt + 宾语 + 名词

例如:We named our baby Tom.

[说明] 常用于这句型的动词有:call, find, make, name等。

2)S + Vt + 宾语 + 形容词

例如:He painted the wall white.

[说明] 常用于这句型的动词有:cut, find, keep, leave, make, see, wash等。

3)S + Vt + 宾语 + 介词短语

例如:She always keeps everything in good order.

4)S + Vt + 宾语 + 不定式

例如:I wish you to stay.

[说明] 常用于这句型的动词有:①不定式带to的词: ask, invite, tell, want,

warn, wish等。②不定式不带to的词:have, know, let, make, notice, see, watch

等。

5)S + Vt + 宾语 + 分词

例如:I heard my name called(表示被动).

I feel something moving(表示进行).

[说明] 常用于这句型的动词有: notice, observe, see, watch等。

6)S + Vt + 宾语 + 疑问词 + 不定式

例如:He show me how to do it.

[说明] 常用于这句型的动词有:ask, show, teach, tell等。

【巩固练习】

(一)基础题:

1.判断下列各句的基本结构。

1)Mr. Black is English.

__________________________________________

2)The teacher taught us some new words.

__________________________________________

3)The farmer is picking the apples.

__________________________________________

4)The temperature dropped.

__________________________________________

5)They turned to the right.

__________________________________________

6)I would like to be your pen-friend.

__________________________________________

7)I have short black hair and brown eyes.

__________________________________________

8)I also enjoy playing chess.

__________________________________________

9)I have a brother called Edwin.

__________________________________________

10)My ambition is to be an engineer.

__________________________________________

参考答案:

1、1)SVC 2)SVOO 3)SVO 4)SV 5)SV 6)SVO 7)SVO

8)SVO 9)SVOC 10)SVC

2.句子成分判断:

A. 指出下列句中主语的中心词

1)The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.

2)There is an old man coming here.

3)The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.

4)To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.

5)The good omen of his birth was destined to change his fortune.

B. 选出句中谓语的中心词

1)I don't like the picture on the wall.

A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall

2)The days get longer and longer when summer comes.

A. get B. longerC. daysD. summer

3)Do you usually go to school by bus?

A. Do B. usuallyC. goD. bus

4)There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.

A. will beB. meeting C. the library D. afternoon

5)Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?

A. Did B. twins C. haveD. breakfast

C. 挑出下列句中的宾语

1)

A BC D

2)

A B CD

3)

ABC D

4)

ABC D

5)They didn't know who "Father Christmas " really is.

A B CD

D. 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 1)

A BCD 2)

A BC D 3)

A B CD 4)

A BC D 5)

A B CD

E. 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语

1))Please tell us a story.

2)My father bought a new bike for me last week.

3)Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.

4)Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.

5)Did he leave any message for me.

(二)提高题:

I.指出下列各句中斜体词的词性,并将句子译成汉语。

1.The driver backed the car out of the garage.

2.The man was fined 20 dollars for smoking in the theatre.

3.You've done a pretty good job.

4.The boy asked the actors present to sign their names in his notebook.

5.In the darkness we inched against the wall.

6.We walked about the school campus during the break.


初一英语句子结构
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