《英美文学选读》笔记 本文简介：
ThomasMore:Utopia《乌托邦》FrancisBacon:Essays《论说文集》或《随笔》Knowledgeispower----BaconEdmundSpencer:FaerieQueen《仙后?》Oursweetestsongsarethosethatsingofsaddes
《英美文学选读》笔记 本文内容：
Thomas
More:
Utopia
《乌托邦》
Francis
Bacon:
Essays
《论说文集》或
《随笔》
"Knowledge
is
power"----Bacon
Edmund
Spencer:
Faerie
Queen
《仙后
?
》
"Our
sweetest
songs
are
those
that
sing
of
saddest
feelings."---
Spencer
William
Shakespeare
(1564-1616)
1.
23rd,
April
1564,
Stratford-on-Avon
2.
His
Father,
a
leather
merchant
皮货商
3.
His
school,
a
local
Grammar
school
for
6
years
4.
His
life,
dramatist,
actor,
poet,
proprietor
5.
His
first
son,
Hamnet
6.
4
tragedies:
Hamlet,
Othello,
King
Lear,
Macbeth
(Romeo
and
Juliet)
7.
Main
works:
37
plays,
154
sonnets
,
2
narrative
plays
戏剧
14行诗
叙事诗
Titus
Andronicus
《泰特斯·安德洛尼克斯》
Taming
of
the
Shrew
《驯悍记》
The
Two
Gentlemen
of
Verona
《维罗纳二绅士》
Love"s
Labor"s
Lost
《爱的徒劳》
A
Midsummer
Night"s
Dream
《仲夏夜之梦》
King
John
《约翰王的生平和逝世》
Much
Ado
about
Nothing
《无事生非》
The
Merry
Wives
of
Windsor
《温莎的风流娘们》
Julius
Caesar
《朱力叶斯·凯撒》
The
Merchant
of
Venice
《威尼斯商人》
As
you
like
it
《皆大欢喜》
8.
Carl
Marx:
"Aeschylus
and
Shakespeare
are
the
two
greatest
dramatic
genius
the
world
has
ever
known."
9.
His
friend:
"He
does
not
belong
to
one
time,
but
belongs
to
all
times."
William
Shakespeare"s
writing
feature
1.
A
play
in
the
play.
2.
Borrow
plots
from
other
stories
such
as
Roman,
Greek
and
ancient
myth.3.
Several
threads
running
through
the
play.
4.
Combination
of
tragic
and
comic
elements.
William
Shakespeare"s
writing
style
1.
Tremendous
vocabulary
(16,000
words,
invent
words)
2.
Literary
devices
(alliteration,
simile,
metaphor)
3.
Use
poetry
in
his
play
William
Shakespeare"s
humanistic
ideas
1.
Against
cruelty
and
anti-natural
character
of
civil
wars
2.
Against
religious
persecution,
racial
discrimination,
social
inequality.
3.
Hates
rebellion
and
despises
democracy
Themes
in
Shakespeare"s
sonnets
1.
Express
love
and
praise
to
a
young
man
2.
Immortalize
beauty
through
verses
3.
Friendship
or
betrayal
of
friendship
Sonnet
Origin:
Italy
Most
famous
and
influential
sonneteer:
Petrach
Selected
Reading
of
Shakespeare:
1.
[P37]
Shakespeare"s
Sonnet
18:
a.
Ladies
in
the
eyes
of
Shakespeare
are
not
good
and
beautiful.
His
wife
is
8
years
older
than
him.
b.
Iambic
pentameter
c.
Main
ideas:
i.
Quatrain
1:
praise
the
beauty
of
the
young
man
ii.
Quatrain
2:
changes
in
life
and
nature
iii.
Quatrain
3:
"your"
beauty
will
last
forever
iv.
Couplet:
"your"
beauty
will
live
in
my
poem.
à
Immortalize
beauty
2.
[P39]
An
Excerpt
from
The
Merchant
of
Venice
a.
How
does
Shylock
justify
himself
according
to
the
accusation
of
Duke
and
Bassanio?
[P40-41]
There
are
3
reasons.
b.
Why
does
Shylock
stick
to
his
bond
instead
of
taking
twice
his
principle?
He
hates
the
Christians
and
is
determined
to
revenge
on
them
because
his
daughter
elopes
with
a
Christian.
c.
What
do
you
think
of
Shylock
in
the
early
court
scene?
What
about
him
later?
In
the
early
court
scene,
Shylock
is
cruel,
eloquent,
stubborn,
tricky,
isolated
from
law
and
friendship.
In
the
later
court
scene,
Shylock
is
greedy,
sympathetic
and
oppressed
by
Christians.
d.
What
is
Shakespeare"s
attitude
towards
Shylock?
He
sympathizes
those
who
are
oppressed.
Antonio
is
oppressed
by
Shylock.
Shylock
is
oppressed
by
Christians.
e.
The
whole
play
is
a
tragi-comedy.
In
the
scene,
Shylock
is
the
tragic
side.
Antonio
and
his
friends
is
the
comic
side.John
Donne
(1572-1631)
1572
Born
in
a
merchant
family
1591
Learn
law
at
the
Inns
of
Court
in
London
Private
Secretary
to
Sir
Thomas
Egerton,
the
Lord
Keeper
of
the
Great
Seal.
1601
29y.
Married
Egerton"s
niece,
Ann
More.
He
worked
hard
to
fight
against
poverty.
However,
it"s
a
secret
marriage.
When
the
marriage
was
exposed,
he
was
put
into
jail.
The
Egertons
regarded
the
marriage
as
an
offence.
1617
His
wife
died.
He
devoted
his
time
and
efforts
to
his
priestly
duties,
writing
sermons
and
religious
poems.
1621
Donne
was
appointed
the
Dean
of
St.
Paul"s
and
kept
the
post
until
his
death.
John
Donne"s
major
work
1.
Songs
and
Sonnets,
wrote
before
1600,
55
love
poems.
2.
The
Elegies
and
Satires,
his
elegies
wrote
for
love
whereas
others"
wrote
for
mourning
dead
people.
3.
Holy
Sonnets
&
Sermons,
Sonnets
wrote
about
God,
sexual
life,
problem
of
death
and
life.
Sermons
are
Christian
preaching.
John
Donne
is
famed
for
3
things
1.
A
great
visitor
of
ladies
2.
A
great
frequenter
of
plays
3.
A
great
writer
of
conceited
verses
At
his
time,
John
Donne
was
famed
as
a
preacher.
Today,
he
is
famed
as
a
lyric
poet.
John
Donne
compared
parting
love
to
compass,
flea
compared
to
the
union
of
lovers.
John
Donne"s
conceit
can
be
seen
from
his
"Go
catching
the
falling
star"
in
which
he
listed
many
impossible
things---the
most
impossible
thing
is
a
woman"s
faith
and
heart.
?
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