英语句子成分分析 本文简介：
1英语句子成分讲座·主语?句子一般要有主语。在简单句中，主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语)来充当。动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用it作形式主语。■名词作主语Englishisveryimportant.英语是很重要的。ThestudentsalllovetheirEnglishtea
英语句子成分分析 本文内容：
1英语句子成分讲座·主语
?
句子一般要有主语。在简单句中，主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语)
来充当。动名词、动词不定式作主语时通常用
it
作形式主语。
■名词作主语
English
is
very
important.
英语是很重要的。
The
students
all
love
their
English
teacher.
这些学生都爱他们的英语老师。
■代词作主语
They
go
to
school
by
bus.
他们乘公共汽车上学。
Most
of
the
students
come
from
the
countryside.
大多数学生来自农村。
■动名词作主语
Watching
TV
too
much
is
bad
for
your
eyes.
看电视太多对你的眼睛是有害的。
It’s
no
use
regretting
it.
后悔是无用的。
■动词不定式(短语)作主语
To
see
is
to
believe.
眼见为实。
It
is
very
hard
to
get
to
sleep.
入睡很难。
?
2.英语句子成分讲座·谓语
?
谓语必须由动词充当，但动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词不能作谓语。可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态)，行为动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语，又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
■及物动词作谓语
We
should
help
each
other.
我们应该互相帮助。
They
respect
one
another.
他们互相尊重(对方)。
All
of
the
students
like
the
novel.
所有这些学生都喜欢这本小说。
Did
you
see
many
people
there?
你在那儿看见许多人了吗?
■不及物动词作谓语
He
left
here
yesterday.
他昨天离开这儿。
You’re
driving
too
fast.
你开车开得太快了。
The
teacher
came
in,
book
in
hand.
老师走进教室，手里拿着书。
He
went
abroad
in
the
September
of
1988.
他于1988年9月出国。
■连系动词表状态
He
is
an
excellent
teacher.
他是位优秀的教师。
Her
son
is
a
friend
of
ours.
她的儿子是我们的朋友。
Ours
is
a
great
country.
我们的国家是一个伟大的国家。
The
box
itself
is
not
so
heavy.
箱子本身并不重。
3.英语句子成分讲座·表语
?
表语与连系动词连用，构成系表结构，说明主语的身份或特征，一般由形容词、名词、动名词、动词不定式、分词等充当。如：
They
are
brother
and
sister.
他们是兄妹。
What
I
want
to
say
is
this.
我想说的就是这点。
Her
father
is
sixty-five.
她父亲65岁。
John
is
captain
of
the
team.
约翰是足球队的队长。
The
poor
boy
was
myself.
那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。
The
ones
who
really
want
it
are
ourselves.
真正想要它的是我们自己。
All
you
need
do
is
to
take
a
taxi
from
the
airport.
你只需从机场打个的即可。
My
favourite
sport
is
swimming.
我最喜爱的运动是游泳。
4.英语句子成分讲座·宾语
?
宾语是行为动作的对象，一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语，充当宾语的可以是名词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或整个句子。如：
I
like
Chinese
food.
我喜欢中国菜。
I
bought
a
ticket
for
Milan.
我买了一张去米兰的车票。
I
enjoyed
talking
to
you.
我和你谈话很高兴。
Have
you
finished
dressing?
你衣服穿好了吗?
He
certainly
did
not
want
to
join
them.
他确实不想参加他们的活动。
They
decided
to
close
the
border.
他们决定封闭边境。
We
hoped
that
all
would
come
well.
我们希望一切都会好转。
We
expected
that
you
would
stay
for
a
few
days.
我们预计你会待几天的。
5.英语句子成分讲座·定语
?
定语为句子的次要成分，起修饰限制名词或代词的作用，可分为前置定语和后置定语。一般由形容词性物主代词、数词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词(短语)
或句子充当。
His
father
is
a
doctor.
他父亲是一名医生。
Mr.
Green
has
two
sons.
格林先生有两个儿子。
The
girl
under
the
tree
is
Kate.
在树底下的那个女孩是凯特。
The
man
downstairs
couldn’t
sleep
well.
楼下的那个人不能睡好觉。
I
bought
a
new
dictionary.
我买了本新字典。
Can
you
find
out
the
answer
to
the
question？你能找到这个问题的答案吗？
Would
you
like
something
to
drink?
你想要些喝的东西吗？
A
barking
dog
seldom
bites.
吠狗很少咬人。
A
man
going
to
die
is
always
kind-hearted.
人之将死，其言也善。
The
suggestion
sent
to
the
committee
was
adopted.
送往委员会的建议被采纳了。
Do
you
know
the
man
who
is
standing
next
to
Mr.
Green?
你认识站在格林先生旁边的那个人吗？
6.英语句子成分讲座·状语
?
英语中的状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，主要由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词充当，或由连词引导状语从句，表示时间、地点、程度、目的、方式，比较、让步、条件、原因、结果、伴随等。
(1)
时间状语
I
often
get
up
at
5:30
in
the
morning.
我常常在早上5:30起床。
Hearing
the
news,
they
felt
very
excited.
听到这个消息，他们感到很兴奋。
Go
along
this
street
until
you
reach
the
end.
沿着这条街走直到到达尽头为止。
(2)
地点状语
Pandas
only
live
in
China.
熊猫仅生活在中国。
You
should
put
the
book
where
it
was.
你应该把这本书放回原来的地方。
(3)
程度状语
I
have
quite
a
lot
of
work
to
do.
我有相当多的工作要做。
(4)
目的状语
We’ll
go
to
the
beach
for
a
picnic
this
Sunday.
这个星期天我们将去沙滩野炊。
He
took
some
change
from
his
pocket
to
buy
a
newspaper.
他从口袋里掏出一些零钱来买报纸。
She
got
up
early
so
that
she
could
catch
the
first
bus.
她早早地起床，以便能够赶上这辆早班车。
(5)
方式状语
We
usually
go
to
school
on
foot.
我们通常步行去上学。
Please
do
it
as
I
told
you.
请按我告诉你的去做。
(6)
让步状语
Though
she
has
a
lot
of
money,
she
is
unhappy.
虽然她很有钱，而她并不幸福。
No
matter
what
happens,
I
will
never
lose
heart.
无论发生什么，我将决不失去信心。
(7)
条件状语
If
you
don’t
work
hard,
you’ll
fall
behind
the
others.
假如你不努力学习，你将落后于别人。
Given
more
attention,
the
flowers
would
have
grown
better.
如果给予更多的关心的话，这些花将长得更好。
(8)
比较状语
Your
watch
is
not
the
same
as
mine.
你的手表与我的不一样。
Mike
is
not
as
(so)
tall
as
Jack.
迈克不及杰克高。
(9)
原因状语
We
didn’t
go
to
the
park
because
of
the
bad
weather.
由于天气不好，我们没有去公园。
I’m
glad
to
meet
you.
见到你我很高兴。
Being
ill,
he
didn’t
go
to
school.
由于病了，他没有去上学。
(10)
结果状语
The
wind
was
so
strong
that
we
could
hardly
move
forward.
风是如此地猛烈，以致于我们寸步难行。
He
left
early,
so
that
he
caught
the
train.
他早早地离去，(结果)
因此赶上了火车。
(11)
伴随状语
The
doctor
hurried
off,
with
a
medicine
box
under
his
arm.
这位医生匆匆离去，胳膊下夹着一个药箱子。
The
teacher
came
into
the
classroom,
followed
by
a
group
of
his
students.
老师进到教室里来，后面跟着一群学生。
7.英语句子成分讲座·宾语补足语
宾语补足语主要用来补充说明宾语，与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系，可由名词、形容词、动词不定式、分词等充当。如：
Tom
found
the
climb
quite
easy.
汤姆觉得爬山很容易。
Don’t
be
so
formal.
Call
me
Jim.
不要这样正规，叫我吉姆好了。
I’m
finished.
Let’s
go
now.
我已干完，咱们走吧。
You
must
keep
it
clean.
你要把它保持干净。
I
have
the
car
waiting.
我让汽车等着。
We
had
the
machine
repaired.
我们请人修理了机器。
Why
don’t
you
have
your
hair
cut?
你为什么不理发?
He
had
his
finger
cut.
他的手指弄伤了。
I
had
my
watch
stolen
yesterday.
我的表昨天被人偷去了。
I
have
a
lot
of
work
to
do.
我有许多工作要做。
She
has
plenty
of
clothes
to
wear.
她有足够的衣服穿。
He
made
me
repeat
the
story.
他要我把那事重讲一遍。
Rain
makes
plants
grow.
雨水使植物生长。
注意：后跟名词作宾语补足语的动词有
call,
name,
think,
make,
choose
等，后跟形容词作宾语补足语的谓语动词有
keep,
find,
get,
think,
make
等。动词不定式作宾语补足语时，当谓语动词为感官动词(如
feel,
see,
hear,
notice,
watch,
observe,
listen
to,
look
at
等)，使役动词(如
let,
have,
make
等)，动词不定式不带
to。
英语句子成分分析 本文关键词：句子成分，英语，分析
英语句子成分分析 来源：网络整理
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